Transcription Factor
Transcription factor is a protein that binds to the specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA. Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other proteins in a complex, by promoting (as an activator), or blocking (as a repressor) the recruitment of RNA polymerase (the enzyme that performs the transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA) to specific genes.
A defining feature of transcription factors is that they contain one or more DNA-binding domains, which attach to specific sequences of DNA adjacent to the genes that they regulate. Here, we identify 52 families of transcription factors in the kiwifruit genome.
Auxin response factors (ARF) are transcription factors that regulate the expression of auxin response genes. ARFs bind with specificity to TGTCTC auxin response elements (AuxRE) in promoters of these genes and function in combination with Aux/IAA (auxin/indole acetic acid) repressors, which dimerize with ARF activators in an auxin-regulated manner.
Most ARFs consist of an amino-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), a middle region that functions as an activation domain (AD) or repression domain (RD), and a carboxy-terminal dimerization domain (CTD). The ARF DBD is classified as a plant-specific B3-type, but requires additional amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal amino acids for efficient in vitro binding to TGTCTC AuxREs.
The ARF ADs and RDs are located just carboxy-terminal to the DBDs and contain biased amino acid sequences. ARF ADs are enriched in glutamine along with serine and leucine residues, while ARF RDs are enriched in serine, proline, leucine and glycine residues.
| Protein name |
Gene name |
Description |
Pathway |
Interaction |
| Protein name |
Gene name |
Description |
Pathway |
Interaction |
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